THIRD CIRCUIT APPLIES TELLABS TO REJECT MOTIVE AND OPPORTUNITY TEST IN FAVOR OF A "HOLISTIC APPROACH" TO PLEADING SCIENTER IN SECURITIES FRAUD ACTIONS
In Institutional Investors Group v. Avaya, Inc., 2009 U.S. App. LEXIS 9110 (3d Cir. April 30, 2009), a panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit applied the United States Supreme Court’s 2007 decision in Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd., 551 U.S. 308 (2007), for the first time to existing case law in the Third Circuit. In Tellabs, the Supreme Court held that a plaintiff who seeks to bring a claim for securities fraud under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (the “Reform Act”) must plead an inference of scienter that is “cogent and at least as compelling as any opposing inference of non-fraudulent intent.” [See blog article on Tellabs.] In Avaya, the Third Circuit held that the standard articulated in Tellabs requires courts to review scienter holistically, and not through analysis of any individual allegation of scienter, though the court did confirm that the Reform Act’s particularity requirement for pleading scienter remains a determinative factor when conducting this analysis.
New TARP Executive Compensation Guidance and a Call for Further Reform in Executive Compensation Practices
June 10,2009 marked an extraordinary day of announcements affecting executive compensation for both recipients of financial assistance from the Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”) and other publicly held companies, including:
- The U.S. Department of the Treasury (“Treasury”) issued a statement outlining the Administration’s expectations and planned legislative proposals for executive compensation reform for publicly held companies.
- The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) announced it will soon be proposing new expanded compensation disclosure rules that could take effect in time for the 2010 proxy season.
- The Treasury issued regulations providing its much anticipated guidance on standards for executive compensation and corporate governance for TARP recipients.
- The Treasury established an Office of the Special Master for TARP Executive Compensation (the “Special Master”).
